Acetonitrile yog cov organic compound nrog cov tshuaj formula CH₃CN lossis C₂H₃N, thiab nws tus lej CAS yog 75-05-8.
Chemical Properties:
Lub cev muaj zog: Nws yog cov kua xim tsis muaj xim nrog cov ntxhiab tsw ntxhiab. Nws qhov hnyav molecular yog 41. nws yog volatile nrog ib yam tshuaj tsw qab rau ether.
Solubility: Nws yog miscible nrog feem ntau cov organic solvents xws li dej thiab cawv.
Kev ruaj ntseg: Nws tsis yog yooj yim oxidized los yog txo, tab sis cov pa roj carbon-nitrogen triple daim ntawv cog lus yog qhov ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntxiv, xws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog hydrogen halides, hydrogen sulfide, cawv, acids, lossis acid anhydrides.
Hydrolysis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv: Nws dhau hydrolysis nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm acids los yog bases los tsim amides, uas ntxiv hydrolyze rau hauv acids.
Txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv: Nws tuaj yeem raug txo kom tsim ethylamine.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog cov hlau: Nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog sodium hlau, sodium alkoxide, lossis sodium amide.
Siv:
Cov kuab tshuaj: Vim nws cov kuab tshuaj zoo heev, acetonitrile tuaj yeem yaj ntau yam organic, inorganic, thiab gaseous tshuaj thiab siv dav los ua cov kuab tshuaj.
Kev lag luam kws tshuaj: Nws yog siv rau hauv kev sib txuas ntawm cov vitamins A, cortisone, cov tshuaj carbonamide thiab lawv cov intermediates, nrog rau cov kuab tshuaj nruab nrab rau cov vitamin B₁ thiab amino acids.
Kev tshuaj xyuas tshuaj: Nws yog siv los ua cov organic hloov pauv thiab hnyav hauv txheej nyias nyias chromatography, ntawv chromatography, spectroscopy, thiab polarography.
Hydrocarbon extraction thiab kev sib cais: Nws yog siv los ua cov kuab tshuaj nyob rau hauv extractive distillation txoj kev cais butadiene los ntawm C₄ hydrocarbons, thiab lwm yam.
Synthesis intermediates: Nws yog siv los ua ke cov intermediates ntawm ntau yam tshuaj thiab tshuaj tua kab, xws li vitamin B₁, metronidazole, thiab lwm yam.
Semiconductor tu tus neeg saib xyuas: Vim nws solubility hauv roj, inorganic ntsev, organic compounds, thiab siab molecular hnyav tebchaw, nws yog siv los ua ib tug semiconductor tu tus neeg saib xyuas.
Organic synthesis raw khoom: Nws yog siv los ua ib feem ntawm catalysts los yog hloov hlau complex catalysts, nrog rau hauv daim ntawv thov ntawm ntaub dyeing thiab txheej compounding.
Stabilizer: Nws yog ib qho zoo stabilizer rau cov kuab tshuaj chlorinated.
Acetonitrile, vim nws muaj ntau yam tshuaj lom neeg thiab ntau yam kev siv, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam thiab kev tshawb fawb kev lag luam. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias acetonitrile yog flammable, thiab nws vapor tuaj yeem ua rau tawg sib xyaw nrog huab cua. Thaum cov nplaim taws qhib, qhov kub thiab txias, lossis kev sib cuag nrog cov oxidants, muaj kev pheej hmoo ua rau combustion thiab tawg. Yog li ntawd, cov txheej txheem kev nyab xeeb nruj yuav tsum tau ua raws li thaum siv thiab khaws cia acetonitrile.