Cyclhexanone Ua Lag Luam Li Cas? Txoj kev tsim khoom, txheej txheem, thiab kev siv

Kev lag luam, cyclohexanone feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm oxidation ntawm cyclohexane, uas tawm los ntawm cyclohexanol -cyclohexanone sib tov hu ua KA roj, ua raws li kev sib cais thiab purification. Lwm txoj kev lag luam suav nrog phenol hydrogenation thiab, tsis tshua muaj, cyclohexene- raws li cov txheej txheem. Kev nkag siab yuav ua li cas cyclohexanone tsim teeb meem rau cov neeg yuav khoom vim tias cov txheej txheem tsim khoom siv cyclohexanone cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau purity, nqi, thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov khoom siv - kev xaiv ntawm txoj kev nyob ntawm tus nqi pub khoom noj, xav tau purity, thiab seb tus neeg tsim khoom puas tseem ua adipic acid lossis caprolactam nqes.

Cyclhexanone yog dab tsi?

• Lub npe tshuaj: Cyclhexanone
• CAS Nr .: 108-94-1
• Molecular Formula: C₆H₁₀O
• Molecular Luj:98,14 g / mol
• Lub cev daim ntawv:Tsis muaj xim rau daj ntseg- daj oily kua nrog acetone / peppermint-zoo li tsw
• Cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb:Precursor rau caprolactam (rau Nylon 6) thiab adipic acid (rau Nylon 66), muaj kuab tshuaj, thiab raw khoom rau txheej, nplaum, thiab lwm yam tshuaj intermediates

Cyclhexanone Ua Lag Luam Li Cas?

Peb txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb yog siv los ua lag luam, thiab lawv tsis tuaj yeem hloov pauv tau hauv kev xyaum - txhua tus yog khi rau cov khoom noj khoom haus sib txawv thiab cov qauv nqi.

1. Cyclhexane Oxidation txheej txheem (Feem ntau txoj kev)

Qhov no yog txoj kev lag luam tseem ceeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov uas cyclohexanone tau tsim nrog adipic acid lossis caprolactam ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom nylon integrated. Ua cyclohexanone los ntawm cyclohexane los ntawm txoj kev oxidation no rau feem ntau ntawm lub ntiaj teb cyclohexanone synthesis muaj peev xwm.

Txheej txheem khiav:

Cyclhexane
↓
Cua / Oxygen Oxidation (cobalt lossis manganese catalyst, 150-160 degree, ~ 0.9-1.0 MPa)
↓
KA Roj (cyclohexanol + cyclohexanone sib tov)
↓
Distillation / Sib cais
↓
Cyclhexanone (purified)

Teb:

C₆H₁₂ + O₂ → C₆H₁₀O + H₂O

Hauv kev xyaum, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ua rau cyclohexanol thiab cyclohexanone ua ke - qhov sib tov no hu uaKA yog '(ketone{0}}cov roj cawv). Cov oxidation yog ua nyob rau hauv ib tug series ntawm cov kua-theem reactors siv ib tug soluble cobalt catalyst (xws li cobalt naphthenate los yog cobalt octoate), nrog ua ntej- cua sov compressed cua sparged rau muab oxygen. Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev khiav hauj lwm txwv: cyclohexane hloov dua siab tshiab yog txhob txwm khaws cia qis dua 10% ib zaug, vim tias thawb hloov dua siab tshiab degrades selectivity - cov khoom xav tau tsis tshua muaj thermally ruaj khov dua li qhov pib cyclohexane, yog li kev hloov pauv ntau dhau ua rau tsis xav tau ntau dua los ntawm - cov khoom ntau dua li cov roj KA ntau dua. Qhov no ua kom tag nrho KA selectivity nyob ib ncig ntawm 80%, nrog rau cov cyclohexane unreacted rov qab mus rau hauv pub.

Vim li cas txoj kev no dominates industrially:

• Pheej yig raw khoom- Cyclohexane yog tus nqi qis- tus nqi, siab - ntim petrochemical feedstock, feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm hydrogenating benzene.
• Loj -scale ntau lawm- Cov txheej txheem ntsuas tau zoo thiab zoo - haum rau kev ua haujlwm tas mus li, siab -throughput.
• Muaj infrastructure- Ntau xyoo ntawm kev txhim kho muaj peev xwm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov chaw uas twb tau tsim adipic acid los yog caprolactam, ua qhov no txoj kev ntawm tsawg kawg yog tsis kam rau expansion los yog tshiab muaj peev xwm nyob rau hauv integrated nylon mov chains.

2. Phenol Hydrogenation Route

Txheej txheem khiav:

Phenol
↓
Hydrogenation (palladium{0}}raws li catalyst, ~ 140 degree)
↓
Cyclhexanol (los yog ncaj qha mus rau Cyclohexanone hauv ib qho -kev teeb tsa theem)
↓
Dehydrogenation (yog tias ob -kauj ruam)
↓
Cyclhexanone

Txoj kev no tuaj yeem khiav tau raws li ib qho - cov txheej txheem (phenol hydrogenated ncaj qha rau cyclohexanone) lossis ob - cov txheej txheem (phenol → cyclohexanol → dehydrogenation → cyclohexanone), nyob ntawm cov catalyst thiab reactor tsim. Palladium-raws li catalysts tuaj yeem ua tiav cyclohexanone yields siab tshaj 90% nyob rau hauv ib zaug -reactor hydrogenation, nrog ib tug zoo hydrogen-rau-phenol molar ratio ntawm ib ncig ntawm 2.1 rau KA- roj- sib npaug ntau lawm.

Qhov zoo:

Siab purity- Feem ntau suav hais tias yog cov txheej txheem huv nrog kev xaiv ntau dua li cyclohexane oxidation, vim nws zam qhov dav dua los ntawm -cov khoom sib kis uas los ntawm radical- mediated cyclohexane oxidation.

Kev txwv:

Tus nqi raw khoom siab dua- Phenol feem ntau kim dua cyclohexane, thiab nws cov nqi yog khi rau cov txheej txheem cumene (benzene + propylene → cumene → phenol + acetone ntawm cov txheej txheem Hock), ntxiv txheej txheej ntawm feedstock ua lag luam raug pom tias cyclohexane oxidation tsis tas yuav mus rau tib theem.

3. Cyclohexene-Txoj Kev

Txheej txheem khiav:

Cyclohexene (los ntawm kev xaiv hydrogenation ntawm benzene)
↓
Dej dej
↓
Cyclhexanol
↓
Dehydrogenation
↓
Cyclhexanone

Txoj kev no pib los ntawm cyclohexene, nws tus kheej tsim los ntawm ib nrab (xaiv) hydrogenation ntawm benzene - ib qho nyuaj thawj kauj ruam dua li tsuas yog hydrogenating benzene tag nrho rau cyclohexane, tab sis ib qho uas qhib txoj kev sib txawv. Lub cyclohexene yog hydrated rau cyclohexanol, uas yog dehydrogenated rau cyclohexanone.

Yam ntxwv:

• Lwm txoj kev- Tsawg dua tau txais kev pom zoo thoob plaws ntiaj teb tshaj li cyclohexane oxidation, tab sis siv kev lag luam, tshwj xeeb hauv cov txheej txheem tsim los ncaj qha nylon nruab nrab ntau lawm.
• Kev xaiv zoo dua- tuaj yeem muab cov kev xaiv zoo dua qub piv rau cov oxidation ncaj qha cyclohexane, txij li nws zam qee qhov radical - cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov saw hlau nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawd.

Cyclhexanone Manufacturing Process Flow Diagram

Txoj kev lag luam ntau tshaj plaws, cyclohexane oxidation, ua raws li tag nrho cov kab ke no:

Cyclhexane
|
Oxidation Reactor
(Co / Mn catalyst, 150-160 degree, huab cua / O2)
|
KA yog Oil
(Cyclohexanol + Cyclohexanone)
|
Kev sib cais
|
Distillation
|
Cyclhexanone
(purified khoom)

Qhov twg cyclohexanone yog cov khoom lag luam kawg (tshwj tsis yog qhov nruab nrab ntawm txoj kev mus rau adipic acid), lub cyclohexanol feem ntawm KA roj feem ntau yog catalytically dehydrogenated los hloov nws mus rau cyclohexanone ntxiv, ua kom cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws ntawm qhov xav tau ketone ntau dua li kev kho cyclohexanol ua ib co{0}} khoom.

Kev sib piv ntawm Industrial Cyclhexanone Ntau Lawm Routes

Kev nyeem cov lus no hauv cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb tshaj li cov hlwb ntawm tus kheej:qhov zoo tshaj plaws cyclohexanone ntau lawm txoj kev nyob ntawm tag nrho cov lwm tus neeg tsim khoom ua.Ib qhov chaw sib xyaw nrog adipic acid lossis caprolactam ntau lawm yuav luag ib txwm nyiam cyclohexane oxidation, vim KA roj yog cov khoom noj sib koom rau ob qho tib si cyclohexanone thiab adipic acid, thiab lub peev yog twb nyob rau hauv qhov chaw. Ib tus neeg tsim khoom ib leeg cyclohexanone yam tsis muaj kev sib koom ua ke hauv qab, lossis ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua kom huv huv rau kev siv tshuaj lossis kev tshwj xeeb- cov ntawv thov hnyav, feem ntau yuav xav txog phenol hydrogenation txawm tias tus nqi pub khoom noj ntau dua.

Vim li cas Cyclohexane Oxidation yog Txoj Kev Ua Lag Luam Dominant?

Tshaj li cov txheej txheem- theem qhov zoo tau piav qhia, ob peb yam txheej txheem piav qhia vim li cas txoj kev no tuav feem ntau ntawm lub peev xwm tsim khoom thoob ntiaj teb:

• Nqi- Cyclohexane yog ib qho petrochemical ntau nrog zoo- tsim, sib tw nqi, tsis zoo li phenol, uas yog tus nqi them nqi khi rau cumene/acetone co- kev lag luam tsim khoom.
• Muaj- Cyclohexane yog tsim los ntawm kev ntsuas tshwj xeeb los pub cov saw no, nrog cov khoom siv thoob ntiaj teb txhim khu kev qha.
• Scale- Cov txheej txheem tau ua pov thawj ntawm ib qho loj heev - tsheb ciav hlau muaj peev xwm, uas txo qis rau ib -unit peev nqi rau cov neeg tsim khoom loj.
• Nylon 6 / Nylon 66 kev lag luam uas twb muaj lawm- Feem ntau thoob ntiaj teb cyclohexanone muaj peev xwm zaum ntawm lossis ze ntawm qhov chaw sib koom ua ke uas twb tau haus KA roj rau adipic acid (Nylon 66) lossis txoj kev cyclohexanone mus rau caprolactam (Nylon 6), yog li txoj kev oxidation txhawb nqa peev peev uas twb muaj lawm es tsis tas yuav muaj cov saw hlau sib cais.

Lub luag haujlwm ntawm Cyclhexanone hauv Nylon 6 Production

Qhov no yog tus neeg tsav tsheb loj tshaj plaws rau cyclohexanone thoob ntiaj teb, thiab nws tsim nyog nkag siab tag nrho cov saw:

Cyclhexane
↓
Cyclhexanone
↓
Cyclhexanone Oxime (cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog hydroxylamine)
↓
Beckmann Rearrangement
↓
Caprolactam
↓
Nylon 6

Cyclohexanone yog thawj zaug hloov mus rau cyclohexanone oxime los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog hydroxylamine (los yog hydroxylamine ntsev). Oxime ces undergoes lubBeckmann rov kho dua- ib qho kua qaub- cov tshuaj tiv thaiv catalyzed uas reorganizes oxime rau hauv xya- koom nrog lub nplhaib lactam, caprolactam. Caprolactam yog lub nplhaib- qhib polymerized los tsimNylon 6, yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau tshaj plaws thiab engineering plastics thoob ntiaj teb.

Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia cov saw txuas rau Nylon 66: nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawd, tag nrho KA roj sib tov (ob qho tib si cyclohexanol thiab cyclohexanone) yog oxidized ntxiv, feem ntau nrog nitric acid,adipic kua qaub, uas yog tom qab ntawd ua ke nrog hexamethylenediamine los tsim Nylon 66. Qhov no yog vim li cas kev sib xyaw cyclohexane - oxidation sites feem ntau tsim ob qho tib si cyclohexanone (rau Nylon 6 saw) thiab adipic acid (rau Nylon 66 saw) los ntawm tib KA roj kwj, kho qhov sib cais raws li kev lag luam xav tau rau txhua hom nylon.

Cyclhexanone Industrial Applications

• Nylon ntau lawm- Thawj daim ntawv thov, raws li tus precursor rau caprolactam (Nylon 6) thiab, ntawm KA roj, adipic acid (Nylon 66).
• Solvent- Siv los ua cov kuab tshuaj muaj zog rau cov resins, lacquers, thiab ntau yam polymers, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov kev daws teeb meem zoo rau ob qho tib si polar thiab tsis yog -cov ntaub ntawv polar yog xav tau.
• Txheej txheej- Ib qho hnyav feem ntau hauv cov txheej txheem thiab cov xim pleev xim, muaj nuj nqis rau nws cov evaporation tus nqi thiab cov kuab tshuaj profile.
• Adhesives- Siv rau hauv cov tshuaj nplaum, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov uas nws pab yaj lossis qhib cov khoom siv polymer.
• Tshuaj intermediates- Cov khoom siv raw rau ntau yam tshuaj lom neeg hauv qab no tshaj li cov saw nylon.

Cyclhexanone Cov Kev Xav Tau Zoo rau Cov Neeg Yuav Khoom

Purity thiab sib xws tseem ceeb heev rau kev ua haujlwm hauv qab, vim tias impurities tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog oximation thiab polymerization cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Hom kev lag luam specifications muaj xws li:

Cyclohexanone yog cais raws li cov kua uas combustible (flash point nyob ib ncig ntawm 44 degree), thiab feem ntau yog xa nyob rau hauv 55-gallon (208 L) steel nruas, tank tsheb, los yog tank tsheb. Nws tsis yog corrosive, thiab inert- pam pam roj feem ntau tsis tas yuav tsum tau thauj lossis khaws cia - tab sis nws tseem yuav tsum tau sau npe tias yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob / hluav taws xob thiab khaws cia kom deb ntawm tshav kub, sparks, thiab qhib nplaim taws.

Yuav Ua Li Cas Xaiv Tus Neeg Siv Khoom Siv Cyclhexanone Zoo?

Rau cov neeg yuav khoom lag luam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov khoom noj khoom haus nylon lossis cov txheej txheem tshuaj tshwj xeeb, tus neeg muag khoom yuav tsum mus dhau tus nqi:

• Certificate of Analysis (COA)- Txhua batch yuav tsum xa nrog COA lees paub purity, dej cov ntsiab lus, acidity, thiab xim specifications tiv thaiv koj qib uas xav tau.
• Daim Ntawv Qhia Txog Kev Nyab Xeeb (SDS)- Cov ntaub ntawv SDS tam sim no rau kev tuav, khaws cia, thiab kev thauj mus los.
• Technical Data Sheet (TDS)- Cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog lub cev / tshuaj lom neeg cov khoom tshwj xeeb rau cov khoom lag luam qib.
• ISO ntawv pov thawj- ISO 9001 (los yog sib npaug) daim ntawv pov thawj kev tswj xyuas zoo qhia tau hais tias muaj kev sib koom ua ke ntau dua - rau - batch zoo tswj.
• Export kev- Cov ntaub ntawv teev tseg ntawm kev xa khoom thoob ntiaj teb, cov ntaub ntawv kev lis kev cai, thiab ua raws li qhov chaw nyob - kev tswj hwm tshuaj lom neeg (xws li REACH rau EU).
• Ntim- Paub meej tias lub nruas, IBC, ISO tank, los yog cov kev xaiv ntau haum raws li koj qhov yuav tsum tau ntim thiab muaj peev xwm khaws cia / tuav.

Cov lus nug nquag

Yuav ua li cas yog cyclohexanone tsim industrially?

Feem ntau los ntawm catalytic cua oxidation ntawm cyclohexane, uas ua rau ib tug cyclohexanol -cyclohexanone sib tov (KA roj) uas yog ces sib cais thiab purified. Phenol hydrogenation thiab cyclohexene-raws li txoj kev yog siv los ua lwm txoj hauv kev ua lag luam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov uas siab dua purity los yog txawv feedstock economics yog qhov tseem ceeb.

Dab tsi yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb rau cyclohexanone?

Cyclhexane yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb thoob ntiaj teb, ntawm txoj kev oxidation. Phenol yog lub ntsiab raw khoom rau lwm txoj kev hydrogenation.

Puas yog cyclohexanone tsim los ntawm benzene?

Indirectly, yog. Hauv txoj kev tseem ceeb, benzene yog thawj zaug hydrogenated rau cyclohexane, uas tom qab ntawd oxidized los tsim cyclohexanone (ntawm KA roj). Hauv cyclohexene-raws li txoj kev, benzene yog ib nrab (xaiv) hydrogenated rau cyclohexene es tsis yog tag nrho rau cyclohexane, ces hydrated thiab dehydrogenated rau cyclohexanone. Hauv txoj kev phenol, benzene feem ntau hloov mus rau cumene, tom qab ntawd mus rau phenol, ua ntej hydrogenation rau cyclohexanone.

KA roj hauv cyclohexanone ntau lawm yog dab tsi?

KA roj ("ketone-alcohol" roj) yog cov khoom sib xyaw cyclohexanol/cyclohexanone kwj uas tsim los ntawm catalytic cua oxidation ntawm cyclohexane. Nws tau sib cais los ntawm distillation rau hauv nws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, thiab txhua yam cyclohexanol npaj rau cyclohexanone ntau lawm yog feem ntau ntxiv dehydrogenated kom nce tag nrho cyclohexanone tawm los.

Kev sib raug zoo ntawm cyclohexanone thiab caprolactam yog dab tsi?

Cyclohexanone is the direct precursor to caprolactam. It's converted to cyclohexanone oxime (via reaction with hydroxylamine), which then undergoes the Beckmann rearrangement to form caprolactam - the monomer that's ring-opening polymerized to produce Nylon 6.

Txoj kev twg feem ntau yog siv los tsim cyclohexanone?

Cyclohexane oxidation rau KA roj yog cov kev lag luam siv dav tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, feem ntau vim tias cov nqi khoom noj qis dua thiab nws kev koom ua ke nrog cov adipic acid thiab caprolactam ntau lawm infrastructure.

Puas yog cyclohexanone ntau lawm ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg?

Zoo li feem ntau loj - cov txheej txheem petrochemical loj, cyclohexanone ntau lawm yog ib puag ncig kev xav txog kev siv hluav taws xob, VOC emissions, thiab los ntawm - kev tswj cov khoom (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog los ntawm txoj kev oxidation qis dua ib -pass selectivity). Cov neeg tsim khoom tswj hwm cov no los ntawm kev rov ua dua tshiab, los ntawm - cov khoom rov qab, thiab kev tswj cov emissions, tab sis tsis muaj txoj hauv kev lag luam loj yog "zero- cuam tshuam" - cov neeg yuav khoom nrog cov kev cai ib puag ncig tshwj xeeb yuav tsum nug cov neeg muag khoom ncaj qha txog lawv cov txheej txheem thiab cov ntaub ntawv emissions es tsis xav raws li kev thov kev lag luam dav dav.