Teb ceev
Cyclhexanone yog ibcyclic ketone lub cev- tshwj xeeb asaturated aliphatic ketone- ib qho organic compound ua los ntawm ib tug rau -cov pa roj carbon rings bearing ib pawg carbonyl functional (-C=O). Nws tsis muaj ntxhiab los yog cawv lossis hydrocarbon; pawg carbonyl yog dab tsi txhais nws tshuaj, thiab tib pab pawg yog dab tsi ua rau nws pab tau raws li ib tug nylon intermediate thiab industrial hnyav.
Cyclhexanone yog dab tsi?
Cyclohexanone yog rau -carbon ring compound nyob rau hauv uas ib lub nplhaib carbon nqa ob -bonded oxygen atom (cov pab pawg carbonyl), hloov ob lub hydrogen atoms uas yuav txwv tsis pub muaj nyob rau ntawm cov pa roj carbon nyob rau hauv lub tiaj cyclohexane.
| Khoom | Tus nqi |
|---|---|
| Tshuaj npe | Cyclhexanone |
| CAS Nr | 108-94-1 |
| Molecular Formula | C₆H₁₀O |
| Molecular Luj | 98,14 g / mol |
| Qhov tshwm sim | Tsis muaj xim rau daj ntseg - kua daj |
| tsw | Acetone / peppermint -zoo li |
Dab tsi ntawm Compound yog Cyclhexanone?
Qhov no yog cov lus nug tseem ceeb ntawm kev faib tawm, thiab cyclohexanone haum rau hauv plaub pawg sib tshooj ib zaug - txhua tus ntxiv txheej txheej tshwj xeeb.
1. Organic compoundCyclhexanone yog cov pa roj carbon-raws li, nrog hydrogen thiab oxygen atoms sib koom ua ke hauv cov txheej txheem covalent uas tau hais tseg. Zoo li tag nrho cov organic tebchaw, nws cov chemistry yog tswj hwm los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm carbon-carbon thiab carbon-heteroatom bonds es tsis yog tus cwj pwm ionic.
2. Ketone compoundCyclohexanone muaj cov pa roj carbonyl pawg (C=O) sib txuas rau ob lub pa roj carbon atom ntawm ob sab - lub ntsiab lus ntawm ketone, uas tsis yog aldehyde (carbonyl bonded rau tsawg kawg ib hydrogen) los yog carboxylic acid (carbonyl bonded rau ib pawg hydroxyl).
3. Cyclic ketoneTsis zoo li qhib- saw ketones xws li acetone, cyclohexanone cov carbonyl carbon yog ib feem ntawm lub nplhaib kaw rau - cov tswv cuab. Lub nplhaib geometry no cuam tshuam rau nws cov reactivity, boiling point, thiab yuav ua li cas nws coj zoo li oximation - thawj kauj ruam mus rau caprolactam ntau lawm.
4. Saturated aliphatic ketoneLub nplhaib tsis muaj cov pa roj carbon - carbon ob daim ntawv cog lus thiab tsis muaj ntxhiab (benzene{1}}zoo li) delocalized electron system. Txhua lub nplhaib carbon yog sp³-hybridized tshwj tsis yog cov carbonyl carbon, uas yog sp² vim yog C=O ob daim ntawv cog lus. Qhov no distinguishes cyclohexanone los ntawm aromatic ketones xws li acetophenone.
Hauv luv luv: cyclohexanone yog ib qho organic → ketone → cyclic → saturated aliphatic compound, thiab txhua qib kev faib tawm piav qhia ib feem ntawm nws tus cwj pwm - los ntawm vim li cas nws hnov zoo li ketone hauv oximation, vim li cas nws lub nplhaib zoo li (tsis yog aromaticity) tswj hwm nws lub cev.
Chemical Structure ntawm Cyclohexanone piav qhia
Cyclhexanone cov tshuajqauvtuaj yeem sawv cev tsuas yog rau - cov pa roj carbon rings nrog ib pawg carbonyl:
Structurally, qhov no tawg mus rau hauv peb lub ntsiab lus:
- Rau -carbon nplhaib- tsib CH₂ (methylene) pawg ntxiv rau ib qho carbonyl carbon, tsim lub nplhaib kaw hydrocarbon
- Ib pawg carbonyl- carbon ob - khi rau oxygen, nyob ntawm ib lub nplhaib carbon
- Ketone ua haujlwm- vim hais tias cov carbonyl carbon yog flanked los ntawm ob lub nplhaib carbons (tsis yog hydrogen los yog oxygen), lub compound coj chemically raws li ib tug ketone es tsis yog ib tug aldehyde los yog ester.
Lub nplhaib no -ntxiv rau- carbonyl kev npaj kuj yog vim li cas cyclohexanone qee zaum tau piav qhia tias "cyclic acetone" hauv cov ntsiab lus qhia txog kev siv tshuaj lom neeg - chemically analogous hauv pab pawg ua haujlwm, sib txawv hauv lub nplhaib geometry.
Vim li cas Cyclhexanone Classified li Ketone?
Ketone txhais:Ib ketone muaj cov qauv dav davR-CO-R', qhov twg cov carbonyl carbon yog sib txuas rau ob cov pa roj carbon - muaj pawg (R thiab R'), thiab tsis yog hydrogen atom.
Cyclhexanone tus qauv:Vim tias lub nplhaib kaw ntawm nws tus kheej, ob qho tib si "R" thiab "R'" txoj haujlwm tau nyob los ntawm tib lub nplhaib - zooNplhaib-CO-Nplhaib, nrog cov carbonyl carbon sib xyaw ua ke rau hauv lub nplhaib nraub qaum es tsis zaum ntawm cov saw hlau terminus.
Kev sib piv nrog acetone:Acetone (CH₃-CO-CH₃) yog qhov yooj yim qhib- saw ketone, nrog ob pawg methyl cais flanking cov carbonyl carbon. Cyclohexanone muaj tib lub ntsiab lus R-CO-R' logic, tab sis ob pawg "R" txuas rau ib leeg los ntawm plaub cov pa roj carbon ntxiv, tsim ib lub nplhaib es tsis txhob muaj ob lub xoob xaus. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov qauv ntawm ibacyclic ketone lub cevthiab acyclic ketone lub cev.
Cyclhexanone vs Zoo sib xws
| Compound | Kev faib tawm | Qhov txawv tseem ceeb |
|---|---|---|
| Cyclohexane | Hydrocarbon | Tsis muaj oxygen atom; tag nrho cov nplhaib nrog tsuas yog C-H daim ntawv cog lus |
| Cyclhexanol | Cawv | Muaj ib pawg hydroxyl (-OH) es tsis yog carbonyl |
| Cyclhexanone | Ketone | Muaj ib pawg carbonyl (C=O) nyob rau hauv lub nplhaib |
| Acetone | Ketone | Me me, acyclic (qhib-chain) ketone molecule |
Qhov kev sib piv no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo vim tias cyclohexane, cyclohexanol, thiab cyclohexanone zaum nyob rau tib lub chaw tsim khoom lag luam (cyclohexane yog oxidized rau cyclohexanol / cyclohexanone sib tov), tab sis txhua tus muaj cov pab pawg ua haujlwm sib txawv thiab cov tshuaj sib txawv.
Lub cev thiab tshuaj muaj zog ntawm Cyclohexanone
| Khoom | Tus nqi |
|---|---|
| Boiling Point | ~ 155.6 degree |
| Melting Point | ~ -47 degree |
| Qhov ntom | 0.947 g/cm³ |
| Solubility hauv dej | Nruab nrab (~ 2.3 g / 100 mL) |
| Polarity | Polar (vim yog pawg carbonyl dipole) |
| Flash Point | ~ 44℃(kaw khob) |
Cov khoom no yog qhov tshwm sim ncaj qha ntawm kev faib tawm saum toj no: pawg carbonyl muab cyclohexanone nws cov polarity thiab kub kub taw tes piv rau cyclohexane, thaum lub saturated, tsis yog - aromatic nplhaib ua rau nws chemically txawv ntawm aromatic ketones nrog txawv reactivity profiles.
Cyclhexanone Ua li cas?
Txoj Kev 1: Cyclohexane oxidation
Cyclohexane
│ (catalytic oxidation nrog cua / O2)
▼
Cyclhexanol + Cyclohexanone sib tov ("KA roj")
Qhov no yog txoj kev lag luam tseem ceeb, siv cobalt lossis manganese catalysts rau qee qhov oxidize cyclohexane. Cyclohexanol tsim nyob rau hauv tib kauj ruam yog tom qab dehydrogenated los txhawb cyclohexanone tawm los.
Txoj Kev 2: Phenol hydrogenation
Phenol yog hydrogenated rau cyclohexanol, uas yog dehydrogenated rau cyclohexanone. Txoj kev no muaj ntau dua qhov uas phenol yog ib qho yooj yim muaj, qis dua - tus nqi feedstock txheeb ze rau cyclohexane.
Cyclhexanone siv rau dab tsi?
1. Nylon ntau lawm
Nylon ntau lawm yog cyclohexanone qhov loj tshaj plaws - daim ntawv thov ntim, siv feem ntau ntawm lub ntiaj teb cyclohexanone tso zis. Kwv yees li ntawm 1 tonne ntawm caprolactam yuav tsum tau ze li 1 tonne ntawm cyclohexanone raws li cov khoom noj, thiab caprolactam xav tau yog tsav los ntawm Nylon 6 fiber ntau thiab engineering- cob ntau lawm - ua cyclohexanone pricing ze ze rau nylon fiber ntau thiab plastics kev lag luam.
2. Muaj kuab tshuaj
Cyclohexanone yog ib qho ntawm cov kuab tshuaj muaj zog tshaj plaws rau PVC thiab lwm yam polar resins, uas yog vim li cas nws tseem yog tus qauv kev xaiv hauv txheej txheej thiab cov nplaum nplaum txawm tias muaj kev sib tw los ntawm kev hloov pauv sai dua - ziab. Nws qhov kub kub taw tes (~ 155.6 degree) muab cov qauv ua kom qeeb, tswj tau evaporation qhov rais, thiab nws siv thoob plaws:
- PVC thiab vinyl resins
- Phenolic, acrylic, thiab epoxy resins
- Adhesives (vinyl thiab roj hmab-raws li)
- Coatings thiab printing inks
3. Polymer kev lag luam (lub luag hauj lwm dav)
Tshaj li cov nylon thiab hnyav txoj kev, cyclohexanone kuj pub adipic acid ntau lawm rau Nylon 6, 6 - qhov thib ob loj nylon variant - muab ib qho khoom noj rau ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm ob qho kev lag luam nylon hom. Nws kuj yog siv los ua kev pab cuam hauv kev tsim cov resin nyob qhov twg los xij tswj kev daws teeb meem thiab evaporation tus nqi teeb meem ntau dua li cov ziab kom qhuav.
Puas yog Cyclhexanone yog Polar Compound?
Yog lawm.Cyclhexanone yog ib qho polar molecule.
Yog vim li cas:
- Carbonyl pawg- C=O daim ntawv cog lus muaj zog polarized vim tias cov pa oxygen yog cov electronegative ntau dua li cov pa roj carbon monoxide, rub cov electron ceev sib koom rau nws tus kheej.
- Dipole lub sijhawm- Qhov kev faib hluav taws xob no muab rau cyclohexanone lub sijhawm molecular dipole (kwv yees li 3.0 D), uas yog vim li cas nws dissolves polar thiab nruab nrab polar resins (xws li PVC) deb npaum li qhov tsis yog -polar hydrocarbon solvents xws li toluene lossis hexane.
Kev nyab xeeb thiab tuav ntawm Cyclhexanone
- Flamable- Cyclohexanone muaj qhov taw tes ntawm kwv yees li 44 degree, faib nws ua cov kua hluav taws xob / hluav taws xob raws li kev thauj mus los thiab kev cia khoom.
- Cia- Khaws rau hauv cov thawv kaw kom nruj, kom deb ntawm cov nplaim taws, cov nplaim taws, thiab cov oxidizing muaj zog, nyob rau hauv qhov chaw txias thiab qhov dej - qhov cua.
- PPE- Tshuaj-cov hnab looj tes tiv thaiv, tiv thaiv qhov muag (cov tsom iav lossis lub ntsej muag tiv thaiv), thiab kev ua pa txaus lossis kev tiv thaiv kev ua pa raug pom zoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig lossis ntau yam - tuav ib puag ncig.
- MSDS- Nco ntsoov sab laj nrog Daim Ntawv Qhia Kev Nyab Xeeb tam sim no ua ntej khaws cia, tuav, lossis thauj, raws li kev txwv kev faib tawm hauv cheeb tsam thiab cov kab pib tuaj yeem sib txawv thiab raug hloov kho raws sij hawm.
Cov lus nug nquag
Q1: Puas yog cyclohexanone yog ketone?
Yog lawm. Cyclohexanone muaj ib pab pawg carbonyl (C=O) sib txuas rau ob lub pa roj carbon atom nyob rau hauv nws lub nplhaib qauv, uas yog tus txhais cov yam ntxwv ntawm ketone.
Q2: Puas yog cyclohexanone yog cov organic compound?
Yog lawm. Nws yog cov pa roj carbon-raws li cov khoom sib xyaw uas muaj cov pa roj carbon, hydrogen, thiab oxygen atoms, muab nws ruaj khov rau hauv qeb ntawm cov organic tebchaw.
Q3: Puas yog cyclohexanone aromatic?
Tsis yog. Cyclohexanone yog ib qho saturated, tsis yog -aromatic nplhaib - nws tsis muaj alternating ob daim ntawv cog lus los yog delocalized pi-electron system zoo li benzene. Tag nrho nws cov nplhaib carbons (sib nrug los ntawm sp² carbonyl carbon) yog sp³-hybridized.
Q4: Dab tsi ua haujlwm pab pawg muaj cyclohexanone?
Cyclohexanone muaj ib pawg carbonyl (C=O) ua haujlwm, uas faib nws ua ketone.
Q5: Puas yog cyclohexanone polar?
Yog lawm. Cov pab pawg carbonyl tsim lub sijhawm molecular dipole, ua rau cyclohexanone lub cev hnyav hnyav uas muaj peev xwm ua kom cov polar yaj thiab nruab nrab ntawm cov polar resins xws li PVC.
Q6: Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm cyclohexane thiab cyclohexanone?
Cyclohexane yog ib qho saturated hydrocarbon uas tsis muaj oxygen atom, thaum cyclohexanone muaj ib lub nplhaib carbon hloov mus rau hauv pawg carbonyl, ua rau nws muaj ketone ntau dua li cov pa dawb hydrocarbon.
Q7: Puas yog cyclohexanone siv los ua cov yas?
Yog lawm. Cyclohexanone yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau caprolactam, uas yog polymerized rau hauv Nylon 6, yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau tsim engineering thiab fiber ntau - qib plastics.
Q8: Dab tsi kev lag luam siv cyclohexanone?
Textiles, automotive, electronics, ntim, thiab kev tsim kho kev lag luam siv cyclohexanone indirectly los ntawm Nylon 6 thiab Nylon 6,6 cov khoom, thaum lub coatings, adhesives, thiab printing number case industries siv nws ncaj qha raws li ib tug hnyav.